浅探如何在语境中提高英语语法教学的有效性

is closed, he will havea longer winter holiday.
        If he has a longer winter holiday, he will go to Beijing to visit his grandparents. If he goes to Beijing, he will certainly take a chance to see the Bird’s Nest and the Water Cube. He’s sure it will be an unforgettable trip.
        四、在生活语境中运用语法规则
        通过操练活动形成的初步语言技能只有通过生活化的语言实践活动才有可能逐步上升为真正的语言运用能力。“if”条件状语从句常在提出建议时使用，在检验学生是否真正掌握这一语法规则时，教者设计了若干适合目标语法的语境，话题贴近学生生活，要求学生讨论解决话题中的问题。
        【例4】T: Jack is a clever boy in his class, but he often fails in the English tests. He wants to get a better mark, but he seldom listens carefully in class. He likes talking to others in class. He dislikes reading English aloud. He does his homework carelessly. He doesn’t hand in his homework on time. Now Jack needs our help. Let’s help him together. I’d like to give him a piece of advice. ‘If you listen carefully in class, you’ll keep up with your classmates.’ Please give him more advice.
        （用课件显示Jack的不良学习习惯，学生通过提示给出不同建议。）
        Ss：If you hand in your homework on time, you’ll be a responsible student.
        If you stop talking to others in class, you’ll understand your lessons better.
        If you read English every day, you’ll be able to speak English fluently.
        五、在活动语境中内化语法知识
        语法的熟练掌握离不开听、说、读、写的实践。设计不同的任务活动，进行有意义的言语训练，可以实现语言知识运用的自动化（张正东，2004）。教者应根据所教语法项目的交际功能，将语法教学与听、说、读、写活动结合起来，将语法知识的学习与综合技能结合起来，在任务活动语境中，通过综合运用帮助学生内化语法规则，真正掌握所学的语法知识。
        【例5】T: Do you still remember Danny?He is a fat boy. Now he has got a big problem. He becomes even fatter. Let’s help him solve the problem. Four of you work together as one group. First discuss the possible reasons Danny has got, then write suggestions according to the reasons.
        总之，语法是语言知识重要组成部分，是学习者正确理解和准确输出的前提。设计趣味性强、贴近学生生活、适合目标语法的语境，让学生在语境中探索语法规律，运用语法规则，内化语法知识，有助于学生形成综合语言运用能力，为真实语言交际打下基础。