基于顾客价值的服务业顾客满意驱动模型研究
第二,经济型饭店顾客价值的五大构成因素对顾客满意具有积极的影响,且影响程度存在差异,按照相对影响力由强而弱依次为产品价值、服务价值、情感关系价值、物有所值和地理位置。产品价值对顾客满意的影响最为显著,原因在于经济型饭店产品价值主要源自其客房所提供的住宿功能,该功能是顾客对经济型饭店的核心诉求,也是经济型饭店的核心竞争力所在。经济型饭店把会议、购物、娱乐等功能大大简化或省略,力求在住宿这一核心功能上做到精益求精,这一经营理念使得经济型饭店在客房设计、布局和设备设施配备等产品价值的提供方面较之一般的饭店更能契合顾客的心理诉求,因而也就更能获得顾客满意。服务价值是顾客价值的重要构成要素,只有将基本服务主动、准确、高效地传递给顾客,才能够保障产品价值的实现。情感关系价值中的顾客识别与保持联系对于提升顾客满意,并进一步维系和获取忠诚顾客,促使顾客重复购买起到积极的促进作用,而饭店的品牌知名度和整体形象对于顾客的初次购买决定具有重要的参考作用。物有所值和地理位置两个要素对经济型饭店顾客满意的影响力相对较弱,并不能说明这两个因素对于顾客满意的形成不重要,相反,在顾客尚未对经济型饭店所提供的产品和服务亲身体验,并形成理性认识之前,经济型饭店的地理位置和价格,以及品牌知名度是顾客做出购买决策的重要决定因素,这些因素影响着顾客的消费预期,并最终与消费体验共同决定着顾客满意。 2. 研究启示
本文探讨了经济型饭店中顾客价值的核心内涵和构成,为认识经济型饭店中的顾客价值提供了科学依据。同时,本文通过对经济型饭店中顾客价值构成因素与顾客满意之间的关系进行了实证分析,探明了经济型饭店顾客满意形成过程中顾客价值各要素的影响力差异与大小,揭示了顾客满意形成的更深层次的原因和机理。为此,经济型饭店要想实现真正的顾客满意,进而获取忠诚顾客,除了要在住宿功能上继续下功夫,巩固其核心竞争力之外,还要努力提高服务质量,确保服务传递快速、到位、高效。同时,要加强与顾客的情感沟通与联系,注重顾客的维系和关系价值的培育。
3. 研究局限
需要指出的是,受数据收集和个人研究能力等因素的限制,本文还存在着以下不足:第一,问卷采取随机抽样的方式发放,可能会降低问卷调查结果的外在效度。因此,今后的研究设计应当更加系统,从而增加样本的代表性。第二,与其它用来分析因子之间复杂互动效应的研究方法,如结构方程模型相比,本研究所使用的多元线性回归分析方法并不一定具有明显的优越性,因此,今后的研究中将尝试采用这些分析方法来提高文章研究结果的说服力。
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Study on the Model of Customer Satisfaction and Customer Value in Service Sector
——Taking Beijing's Budget Hotels as an Example
Zhao Yaping1,2,Wu Fenglin3
(1. Beijing Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100101,China; 2. Communication University of China,Beijing 100024,China;
3. Chinese Tourism Academy,Beijing 100005,China)