预见性护理在氧驱雾化吸入治疗小儿支气管哮喘护理中的应用
[摘要] 目的 探析预见性护理在氧驱雾化吸入治疗小儿支气管哮喘护理中的应用。方法 采取随机法选择该院儿科2013年9月—2015年9月接收的100例小儿支气管哮喘病患(实验组),该组选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+预见性护理;同期选择100例小儿支气管哮喘病患(对照组)作对照,选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+常规护理,通过全方位分析、观察所有患儿的预后情况以及治疗情况,同时对其有效率、不良症状发生率、依从性以及护理满意程度等指标进行客观对比。 结果 该研究的所有入选患儿中,护理后实验组入选患儿有效率98.00%,对照组98.00%;实验组入选患儿中有7例(7.00%)出现不良症状,对照组中有22例(22.00%)出现不良症状;实验组入选患儿家长的护理工作满意度99.00%,对照组83.00%;实验组入选患儿依从性94.00%,对照组80.00%,2组对比有差距(P<0.05)。结论 预见性护理在氧驱雾化吸入治疗小儿支气管哮喘护理中的应用效果显著,有效率高,减少不良反应发生,提高家属满意率,值得应用。
[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of predictive nursing applied to bronchial asthma in children treated by oxygen-driving atomization inhalation. Methods 100 children with bronchial asthma admitted in Department of Pediatrics of our hospital from September 2013 to September 2015 were randomly selected as the experimental group treated by oxygen-driving atomization inhalation and predictive nursing, and other 100 children with bronchial asthma admitted during the same period were selected as the control group treated by oxygen-driving atomization inhalation and conventional nursing. The prognosis and treatment of the two ups were analyzed comprehensively. The response rate, incidence of adverse reactions, compliance and level of satisfaction with nursing of the two groups were compared objectively. Results After nursing intervention, the response rate was 98.00%, 73.00% respectively in the experimental group and the control group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). 7 cases (7.00%) in the experimental group had adverse reactions, while 22 cases (22.00%) in the control group had adverse reactions, the difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The level of satisfaction with nursing was 99.00%, 83.00% in the parents of the children in the experimental group and the control group, respectively with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The compliance was 94.00%, 80.00%, respectively in the experimental group and the control group with statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion For children with bronchial asthma treated by oxygen-driving atomization inhalation, predictive nursing has significant effect and high response rate, which can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions and improve the family satisfaction rate, so it is worthy of application.
[Key words] Predictive nursing; Oxygen-driving atomization inhalation; Bronchial asthma in children
预见性护理强调以患儿临床资料为出发点,通过优化护理方案,预防异常状况、不良症状的出现,从而有效提升患儿依从性和患儿家长满意度。为了评价预见性护理在氧驱雾化吸入治疗小儿支气管哮喘护理中的应用价值,该研究以2013年9月—2015年9月接受的100例小儿支气管哮喘病患为重点观察对象,现报道如下。
1 资料与方法
1.1 一般资料
采取随机法选择该院儿科2013年9月—2015年9月接收的100例小儿支气管哮喘病患(实验组)。年龄结构:最大6.1岁,最小2.1岁,中位值(4.1±0.03)岁;性别构成:共有55例男性,共有45例女性;病程:最长24 d,最短6 d,中位值(11±1.55)d。同时选取100例小儿支气管哮喘病患(对照组)作对照。年龄结构:最大6.5岁,最小2.2岁,其中位值(4.7±1.17)岁;性别构成:共有56例男性,共有44例女性;病程:最长26 d,最短5.5 d,中位值(12±2.23)d。救护时,实验组入选患儿选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+预见性护理,对照组选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+常规护理,通过深入分析2组入选患儿的资料,未呈现出大幅差异(P>0.05),值得进一步对比。
1.2 方法
救护时,对照组选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+常规护理:①患儿接受治疗前,予以发放专业宣传资料,用以宣传氧驱雾化吸入治疗的优越性、配合事项等信息。②在治疗时,参考患儿年龄要素选择半坐卧位或者是坐位,在结合其病情状况对氧气流量进行合理控制,以每分钟6升为参考指标,如果发现患儿出现任何异常状况,都要及时联系其主治医师。③当治疗完成以后,还需以温水清洗患儿面部肌肤,对于年纪相对偏大的患儿,需以温水进行漱口;对于年纪相对偏小的患儿,则需以沾有生理盐水的棉签拭擦其口腔,防止药物残留。
实验组入选患儿选择氧驱雾化吸入治疗+预见性护理:①制定出预见性护理计划。通过查阅各种研究数据和专业资料,再结合护理人员的工作经验,客观分析治疗环节可能会形成的各种不良症状,并对其诱发因素、处理对策等进行全面分析。参照分析结果,结合患儿实际状况制定出针对性护理对策。
②落实护理计划。首先,当患儿接受治疗前,护理人员要和患儿家长进行沟通,通过全面了解患儿、患儿家长心理状态与疾病认知程度,再展开心理指导以及健康宣教,共同安抚患儿情绪[1]。与此同时,护理人员要采取言语鼓励、微笑服务以及发放礼物等形式赢取患儿认可,帮助患儿消除紧张情绪以及恐惧情绪。